I have (as far as I can tell) only two fonts on my system that contain the Supplemental Arrows-C, Segoe UI Symbol and Code 2003. I just checked and they are both .ttf files. If I find any .otf fonts with this range, I’ll let you know.
Update: I just discovered Noto Sans Symbols 2. It works in Word and (guess what) it is a .ttf.